Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca como herramienta para estudiar el efecto de la música en el alivio del estrés en pacientes bajo anestesia: datos de un estudio clínico
Resumen
El objetivo del estudio actual fue explorar el efecto de la música en la reducción del estrés durante la cirugía bajo anestesia, mientras se utiliza la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) como medida no invasiva de los cambios fisiológicos relacionados con el estrés. La VFC está relacionada con la actividad simpática y parasimpática del sistema nervioso autónomo. Los datos de VFC en nuestro estudio se obtuvieron de 10 pacientes que se sometieron a una cirugía abdominal (n = 5) o cirugía de trauma con fractura (n = 5) bajo anestesia general (n = 5) o epidural (n = 5). Se puso música relajante a los pacientes durante la anestesia. El porcentaje de alta frecuencia normalizada (HF) de la VFC se calculó a partir de la suma de HF y baja frecuencia (LF). La música provocó un aumento en la HF media normalizada durante el período de la música en comparación con el período anterior a la reproducción de la música, que también fue estadísticamente significativo (P = 0,035). Se observó un ligero aumento en la HF media normalizada cuando se midió durante toda la anestesia ± música en comparación con la HF media normalizada antes de la música (P = 0,063). Por lo tanto, los datos demuestran claramente que la música reproducida durante una operación indujo un aumento en los datos de HF normalizados promedio, activando así el sistema nervioso parasimpático e inactivando el sistema nervioso simpático, lo que dio como resultado un estado de relajación.
Palabras clave: Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca, efecto de la música sobre el estrés, pacientes bajo anestesia.
Citas
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