Mars Rising: Music Therapy and the Increasing Presence of Fathers in the NICU

Authors

  • John F. Mondanaro Louis Armstrong Music Therapy Department Mount Sinai Beth Israel
  • Mark Ettenberger Music Therapy Department Hospital Centro Policlínico del Olaya Bogotá, Colombia
  • Laurie Park Maria Fareri Children’s Hospital- member of the Westchester Medical Center Health Network, in Westchester, NY

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v8i3.440

Abstract

Fathers of premature infants have been primarily marginalized caregivers up until the last 20 years, but change in both the societal definition and expectation of fathers as well as tremendous evolution in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and neonatal care toward integrative practice inclusive of music therapy has rendered a unique time in history. Fathers, now viewed as integral to optimal parenting and outcomes, are well matched to the unique therapeutic offering of music therapy. In this article, three music psychotherapists have provided literature review across the helping professions as well as case studies to bring the complex role of NICU fathers into much greater salience.

Keywords: NICU, Fathers, Music Therapy

Spanish

Musicoterapia y la creciente de la presencia de los Padres en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales

Resumen:

Los padres de infantes prematuros han sido primeramente marginalizados como cuidadores hasta los últimos 20 años, pero el cambio en la definición de la sociedad y en las expectativas de los padres, así como también la tremenda evolución de las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN)  y del cuidado neonatal que como práctica integrativa incluye a la musicoterapia ha alcanzado un momento único en la historia.  Los padres, ahora vistos como parte integral de los resultados óptimos de crianza, se emparejan bien con la propuesta terapéutica única que brinda la musicoterapia. En este artículo, tres músico-psicoterapeutas proveen una revisión de la literatura a través de profesiones de asistencia así como estudios de casos para mostrar, con mayor predominancia,  el complejo rol de los padres en UCIN.

Palabras clave: UCIN, Padres, Musicoterapia


German

Musiktherapie und die zunehmende Präsenz der Väter in der NICU

Abstract: Väter frühgeborener Kinder wurden bis in die Zeit vor 20 Jahren vorwiegend als Versorger an den Rand gedrängt, aber sowohl die soziale Definition und die Erwartungen der Väter als auch die gewaltige Evolution in der neonatologischen Intensivstation (NICU) und die neonatale Versorgung in Richtung auf integrative Praxis einschließlich Musiktherapie, hat sich in einzigartiger historischer Weise geändert. Väter werden nun als integraler Bestandteil optimaler elterlicher Ergebnisse angesehen, sie werden  in das einzigartige musiktherapeutische Angebot  einbezogen. In diesem Artikel geben  drei Musikpsychotherapeuten  eine Literaturübersicht der gesamten helfenden Berufe und Fallstudien, um die größere Bedeutung der komplexen Rolle der NICU-Väter zu verdeutlichen.

Keywords: NICU, Väter, Musiktherapie


Italian

Musicoterapia e la Crescente Presenza  dei Padri nella NICU Terapia Intensiva Neonatale

Negli ultimi 20 anni I Padri di neonati prematuri sono stati esclusi dall’aiuto sanitario dei propri figli, ma il cambio della definizione sociale, delle aspettative dei padri ed anche la tremenda evoluzione nell’ Unitá di Teapia Itensiva Neonatale e la cura neonatale verso una pratica integrativa della musicoterapia rappresenta un tempo unico nella storia. I padri ora sono visti come parte integrante dei risultati ottimali dell’ opera dei genitori, sono ben combinati con la terapia offerta dalla musicoterapia. In questo articolo tre psicoterapisti musicoterapeuti hanno fornito una revisione della letteratura attraverso le professioni d’aiuto ed anche studi per portare il complesso ruolo dei padri nella NICU in maggior rilievo


Japanese

マルスの上昇:音楽療法とNICUにおける父親参加の増加

要旨:

過去20年間、音楽療法を含む包括的な臨床に向けての新生児集中治療室(NICU) と新生児ケアの大きな進化のみでなく、かつてケアギバーとして軽視されていた新生児の父親達への社会的定義と期待は変化し、歴史上類を見ない時間となった。父親は最適な子育てに不可欠と考えられ、音楽療法の独特な療法的提供とよく調和する。本論文では、3人の音楽心理療法士が、NICUにおける父親達の複雑な役割のより大きな要点を提起するために、広範囲に専門家の役に立つ事例研究と文献調査を提供している。

キーワード:NICU, 父親、音楽療法

 


Author Biographies

John F. Mondanaro, Louis Armstrong Music Therapy Department Mount Sinai Beth Israel

John Mondanaro MA, LCAT, MT-BC, CCLS is the Clinical Director for The Louis Armstrong Music Therapy Department at Mount Sinai Beth Israel in New York. He is currently a doctoral student of music therapy at New York University, teaches at the New School, and maintains dual certification in Music Therapy and Child Life Practice.

Mark Ettenberger, Music Therapy Department Hospital Centro Policlínico del Olaya Bogotá, Colombia

Mark Ettenberger, PhD, Mag., M.A., NICU-MT is a trained Ethno-Music Therapist from Austria. He earned his doctorate at Anglia Ruskin University in Cambridge, United Kingdom, and trained as a RBL Neonatal Music Therapist with the Louis Armstrong Center for Music & Medicine in New York. He currently lives and works in Bogotá, Colombia, where he teaches at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, and serves as the Coordinator of the Music Therapy Department at the hospital Centro Policlínico del Olaya and as  the Director of SONO - Centro de Musicoterapia

Laurie Park, Maria Fareri Children’s Hospital- member of the Westchester Medical Center Health Network, in Westchester, NY

Laurie Park, LCAT, MT-BC is the Music Therapy Coordinator at Maria Fareri Children’s Hospital- member of the Westchester Medical Center Health Network, in Westchester, NY, and is the Proprietor  of LP Music Therapy Services, LLC

References

Nakata T, Trehub S. Infants’ responsiveness to maternal speech and singing. Infant Behavior and Development. 2004: 27(4): 455-464.

Trehub SE, Unyk AM, Kamenetsky SB, et al. Mothers and fathers singing to infants. Dev Psych. 1997; 33(3): 500-507.

Schwartz FJ. Music and song effect on perinatal brain development and the premature baby. In Loewy JV eds. Music therapy in the neonatal intensive care unit. New York, NY: Satchnote; 2007: 9-19, 235-240.

Schwartz F. Pathophysiology of pain and stress: Music therapy implications for perinatal, perioperative, and chronic pain patients. In: Mondanaro J, Sara G, eds. Music and medicine: Integrative models in the treatment of pain. New York, NY: Satchnote; 2013: 287-308.

Loewy, J. NICU music therapy: Song of kin as critical lullaby in research and practice. In The Neurosciences and Music V. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1337. 2015:178-185.

Loewy JV, Stewart K, Dassler A, Telsey A, Homel P. The Effects of Music Therapy on Vital Signs, Feeding, and Sleep in Premature Infants. Pediatr. 2013: 131(5): 902-918.

Haslbeck F. Music-based interventions for premature infants (and their parents): a systematic integrative review. Nord J Music Ther. 2012: 21(3): 203-226.

Haslbeck F. The interactive potential of creative music therapy with premature infants and their parents: a qualitative analysis. Nord J Music Ther. 2013: 1-35.

Loewy JV. Music therapy in the NICU. New York, NY: Satchnote; 2000.

Loewy JV. A clinical model for music therapy in the NICU. In: Noecker- Ribaupierre M, eds. Music therapy for pre and newborn infants. Gilsum, NH: Barcelona; 2004: 159-176.

Shoemark H. Keeping parents at the centre of family-centered music therapy with hospitalized infants. AJMT. 19, 3-24.

Nöecker-Ribaupierre M. The mother's voice: A bridge between two worlds. In: Noecker-Ribaupierre M, eds. Music therapy for premature and newborn infants. Gilsum, NH: Barcelona; 2004: 97-113.

Nöecker-Ribaupierre M. Premature infants. In: Bradt J, eds. Guidelines for music therapy practice in pediatric care. Gilsum, NH: Barcelona; 2013: 66-104.

Whipple J. The effect of music-reinforced nonnutritive sucking on state of preterm, low birthweight infants experiencing heelstick. J Music Ther. 2008; 45(3): 227-272.

Haslbeck FB. Music therapy for premature infants and their parents: An integrative review. Nord J Music Ther. 2012; 21(3): 203-226.

Standley JM. The effect of contingent music to increase non-nutritive sucking of premature infants. J Pediatr Nurs. 2000; 26(5): 493-495, 498-499.

Standley JM. The effect of music and multimodal stimulation on responses of premature infants in neonatal intensive care. J Pediatr Nurs. 2002; 77(2): 107-113.

Standley JM. Music therapy with premature infants: Research and developmental interventions. Silver Spring. AMTA. 2003.

Standley JM, Walworth D. Music therapy with premature infants: Research and developmental interventions. Silver Spring. AMTA. 2010.

Abromeit D H. The Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP) as a model for clinical music therapy interventions with premature infants. Music Therapy Perspectives. 2003; 21: 60-68.

Thompson A. Music therapy for pain and stress in NICU infants: A developmental, trauma-informed and family-centered approach. In: Mondanaro J, Sara G, eds. Music and medicine: integrative models in the treatment of pain. New York, NY: Satchnote; 2013: 309-334.

Standley JM, Moore RS. Therapeutic effects of music and mother's voice on premature infants. Ped Nurs. 1995: 21(6), 509-512, 574.

Standley JM, Swedberg O. NICU music therapy: post-hoc analysis of an early intervention clinical program. The Arts in Psychotherapy. 2011; 38, 1, 36-40.

Charpie M. Music therapy in the NICU a bridge between mother and baby. New York, NY: Satchnote; 2002.

Standley J. A meta-analysis of the efficacy of music therapy for premature infants. J Ped Nurs. 2007; 17(2): 107-113.

Stewart K. Patterns- A model for evaluating trauma in NICU music therapy: Part I- theory and design. Music and Medicine. 2009; 1(1): 29-40.

Stewart K. Patterns- A model for evaluating trauma in NICU music therapy: Part II- treatment parameters. Music and Medicine. 2009; 1(2): 123-128.

Teckenberg-Jansson P, Huotilainen M, Pölkki T. Rapid effects of neonatal music therapy combined with kanagaroo care on prematurely-born infants. Nord J Music Ther. 2011; 20(1): 22-42.

Stewart K, Schneider S. The effects of music therapy on the sound environment in the NICU: A pilot study. In: Loewy JV, eds. Music therapy in the neonatal intensive care unit. New York, NY: Satchnote; 2000: 85-100.

Ettenberger, M., Odell-Miller, H., Rojas Cárdenas, C., Torres Serrano, S., Parker, M., & Camargo Llanos, SM. Music therapy with premature infants and their caregivers in Columbia- A mixed methods pilot study including a randomized trial. Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy. 2014:14(2), np.

Ettenberger, M., Parker, M., Rojas Cárdenas, C., & Odell-Miller, H. family-centered music therapy with preterm infants and their parents in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Columbia- A mixed methods study. In Press.

Mondanaro J. Interfacing music therapy with other arts modalities to address anticipatory grief and bereavement in pediatrics. In: Dileo C, Loewy JV, eds. Music therapy at the end of life. Cherry Hill, NJ: Jeffrey Books: 2005: 25-32.

Mondanaro, J. NICU palliative care: Anticipatory grief and bereavement. International NICU Summit, Aug 2010: New York: Mount Sinai Beth Israel.

Bowlby R, King P. Fifty Years of Attachment Theory: Recollections of Donald Winnicott and John Bowlby. London, UK: Karnac Books: 2004.

Aita M, Snider L. The art of developmental care in the NICU: a concept analysis. J Adv Nurs. 2003: 41, 223-232.

Als H. NIDCAP Program Guide: Changing the Future for Infants in Intensive Care, NIDCAP Federation International. 2010. Available at: http://www.nidcap.org/file.aspx?fileid=pg.

White-Traut RC, Nelson MN, Burns K, Cunningham N. Environmental influences on the developing premature infant: Theoretical issues and applications to practice. JOGNN. 1994; 23(5): 393-401.

Doering LV, Dracup K, Moser D. Comparison of psychosocial adjustment of mothers and fathers of high-risk infants in the NICU. J Perinatol. 1999; 19(2): 132-137.

O’Leary J, Thorwick C. Attachment to the unborn child and parental mental representations of pregnancy following perinatal loss Attachment: New Directions in Psychotherapy and Relational Psychoanalysis. 2008; 2292 -320.

Linden DW, Paroli ET, Doran MW. Preemies: the essential guide for parents of premature babies. New York, NY: Pocket Books; 2010.

Jackson K, Ternestedt B-M, Schollin J. From alienation to familiarity: experiences of mothers and fathers of preterm babies J Adv Nurs. 2003: 43(2): 120 –129.

Rowe J, Jones L. Discharge and beyond: A longitudinal study comparing stress and coping in parents of preterm infants. J NN Nurs. 2010: 16(6): 258-266.

Feeley N, Gottlieb L, Zelkowitz P. Mothers and fathers of very low birth weight infants: similarities and differences in the first year after birth. JOGNN. 2007: 36(6): 558 –567.

Fegran L. A comparison of mothers' and fathers' experiences of the attachment process in a neonatal intensive care unit. J Clin Nurs. 2008: 17(6): 810-816.

Shaw RJ, Deblois T, Ikuta L, Ginzburg K, Fleisher B, Koopman C. Acute stress disorder among parents of infants in the neonatal intensive care nursery. Psychosomatics. 2006: 47(3): 206-212.

Franck L, Cox S, Allen A, Winter I. Measuring neonatal intensive care unit- related parental stress. J Adv Nurs. 2004: 49(6): 608-615.

Melnyk BM, Feinstein NF, Alpert-Gillis L, et al. Reducing premature infants' length of stay and improving parents' mental health outcomes with the Creating Opportunities for Parent Empowerment (COPE) neonatal intensive care unit program: a randomized, controlled trial. Ped. 2006: 118(5): e1414-1427.

Carter JD, Mulder RT, Bartram AF, Darlow BA. Infants in a neonatal intensive care unit: Parental response. Fetal Neonatal Education. 2005: 90(2): 109-113.

Parfitt YM, Ayers S. The effect of post-natal symptoms of post-traumatic stress and depression on the couple’s relationship and parent-baby bond Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology. 2009: 27(2): 127 –142.

Mundy CA. Assessment of Family needs in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Am J Crit Care. 2001: 19(2): 156-163. doi:10.4037/ajcc2010130

Huhtala M, Korja R, Lehtonen L, et al. Parental psychological well-being and cognitive development of very low birth weight infants at 2 years. Foundation Acta Pædiatrica. 2011; 100, 1555–1560. doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02428.x

Arockiasamy,V. Fathers' experiences in the neonatal intensive care unit: a search for control. Peds. 2008: 121(2): e215-222.

Garten L. Pilot study of experiences and needs of 111 fathers of very low birth weight infants in a neonatal intensive care unit. J Perinat. 2013: 33(1): 65-69.

Hollywood M, Hollywood E. The lived experiences of fathers of a premature baby on a neonatal intensive care unit. J Neonatal Nurs. 2011:17(1): 32-40.

Hugill K, Letherby G, Reid T, Lavender T. Experiences of fathers shortly after the birth of their preterm infants. JOGNN. 2013: 42(6): 655-66.

Lindberg B, Axelsson K, Öhrling K. The birth of premature infants: Experiences from the fathers’ perspective. Journal of Neonatal Nursing. 2007; 13, 142-149. doi:10.1016/j.jnn.2007.05.00

Lundqvist P, Hellström Westas L, Hallström I. From Distance Toward Proximity: Fathers´ Lived Experience of Caring for Their Preterm Infants. J PedNurs. 2007: 22(6): 490-497. doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2007.04.008

Sloan K. Stress and coping in fathers following the birth of a preterm infant. J Neonatal Nurs. 2008: 14(4): 108-115.47.

Sullivan JR. Development of father-infant attachment in fathers of preterm infants Neonatal Network. 1999: 18(7): 33 –39.

Crathern L. Dads matter too: a review of the literature focusing on the experiences of fathers of preterm infants MIDIRS Midwifery Digest. 2009: 19(2): 159 –167.

Discenza D. Dads of premature infants are important too. Neonatal Network. 2010: 29(2):125-126.

Reeves J. Recklessness, rescue and responsibility: young men tell their stories of the transition to fatherhood Practice. 2006: 18(2): 79 –90.

Deave T, Johnson D. 2008 The transition to parenthood: what does it mean for fathers? J Adv Nurs. 2008: 63(6): 626-633.

Bolzan N. Time to father. Social Work in Health Care. 2004: 39(1-2): 67-88.

Bradley E, Mackenzie M, Boath E. The experience of first-time fatherhood: a brief report Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology. 2004: 22(1): 45 –47.

Condon JT, Boyce P, Corkindale CJ. The first-time fathers study: a prospective study of the mental health and well-being of men during the transition to parenthood. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2004: 38(1 –2): 56 –64.

Draper J. Men’s passage to fatherhood: an analysis of the contemporary relevance of transition theory Nursing Inquiry. 2003: 10(1): 66 –78.

Gillis JR. Marginalisation of fatherhood in western countries. Childhood. 2000: 7(2): 225-238.

Dienhart A. Reshaping fatherhood: the social construction of shared parenting. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage; 1998.

LeMonda CS, Bradley RH, Hofferth S, Lamb ME. Fatherhood in the twenty-first century. Child Dev. 2000 71(1): 127–36.

O’Leary J, Thorwick C. Fathers’ perspectives during pregnancy, Postperinatal Loss. JOGNN. 2006; 35 (1).

Diemer GA. Expectant Fathers: Influence of Perinatal Education on Stress, Coping, and Spousal Relations Research in Nursing and Health. 1997: 20(4): 281 –293.

Paulson JF, Bazemore SD. Prenatal and postpartum depression in fathers and its association with maternal depression. JAMA. 2010: 303(19): 1961-1969.

Goodman JH. Paternal postpartum depression, its relationship to maternal postpartum depression, and implications for family health. J Adv Nurs. 2004: 45(1): 26-35.

Letourneau N. Identifying the support needs of fathers affected by post-partum depression: a pilot study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2011: 18(1): 41-47.

Puddifoot JE, Johnson MP. Active grief, despair and difficulty coping: some measured characteristics of male response following their partner’s miscarriage. JRIP. 1999: 17(1): 89 –93.

White G. You cope by breaking down in private: fathers and PTSD following childbirth. Br J Midwifery. 2007: 15(1): 39 –45.

Cohen, GL, Sherman, DK. The psychology of self-defense: Self-affirmation theory. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. 2006:38:183-242.

Peterson SW. Father surrogate: historical perceptions and perspectives of men in nursing and their relationship with fathers in the NICU. Neonatal Network. 2008: 27(4): 239-243.

Johnson AN. Engaging fathers in the NICU: taking down the barriers to the baby. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2008: 22(4): 302-306.

Published

2016-07-31

Issue

Section

Full Length Articles